1. Which countries were targeted by Iran after the U.S. carried out airstrikes on its nuclear facilities?
A. Israel, Egypt and Jordan
B. Qatar, Bahrain and Iraq
C. Saudi Arabia, Oman and Kuwait
D. Syria, Lebanon and Yemen
Answer: B. Qatar, Bahrain and Iraq
Explanation: In retaliation for the U.S. strikes on its nuclear facilities, Iran launched attacks on U.S. military bases located in Qatar, Bahrain and Iraq. The incident marked a major escalation in tensions in West Asia.
2. Which Chief Minister demanded the restoration of full Statehood to Jammu and Kashmir?
A. Mehbooba Mufti
B. Omar Abdullah
C. Abdullah (Chief Minister Omar Abdullah)
D. Mufti Mohammad Sayeed
Answer: C. Omar Abdullah
Explanation: Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister Omar Abdullah urged the Prime Minister to fulfil the promise of restoring full Statehood to the Union Territory, calling it a constitutional and democratic commitment.
3. Under which law were three publishers arrested in Jammu and Kashmir for allegedly publishing pro-separatist books?
A. National Security Act, 1980
B. Public Safety Act, 1978
C. Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 only
D. Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), 1967
Answer: D. Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), 1967
Explanation: The arrests were made under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), 1967, India’s principal anti-terror law, for allegedly printing and distributing literature promoting separatist ideology.
4. A Taliban delegation recently visited India mainly to strengthen cooperation in which sector?
A. Defence and security
B. Information Technology
C. Mining and energy
D. Agriculture
Answer: D. Agriculture
Explanation: A Taliban delegation visited India to enhance cooperation in agriculture, including irrigation, food processing, agricultural trade, research and capacity building. The visit also focused on expanding bilateral economic engagement.
5. Which Indian human spaceflight mission successfully tested three major crew module systems?
A. Chandrayaan-4
B. Aditya-L1
C. Gaganyaan-2
D. Gaganyaan
Answer: D. Gaganyaan
Explanation: ISRO successfully tested three major systems of the Gaganyaan crew module. These tests are part of preparations to ensure the safety and reliability of India’s first human spaceflight mission.
6. Which State government inaugurated development projects worth over ₹1,047 crore in Muzaffarpur district?
A. Uttar Pradesh
B. Jharkhand
C. Bihar
D. Odisha
Answer: C. Bihar
Explanation: Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar inaugurated and laid the foundation stone for development projects worth over ₹1,047 crore in Muzaffarpur district. The projects include road infrastructure, drinking water supply and tourism-related initiatives.
7. The Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee Agartala Civil Hospital is located in which State?
A. Assam
B. Mizoram
C. Manipur
D. Tripura
Answer: D. Tripura
Explanation: Tripura Chief Minister Manik Saha inaugurated the fourth major public hospital in Agartala, named Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee Agartala Civil Hospital, to strengthen healthcare infrastructure in the State.
8. Kolkata’s Suhrawardy Avenue was renamed after which eminent personality?
A. Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose
B. Syama Prasad Mookerjee
C. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
D. Gopal Mukherjee
Answer: D. Gopal Mukherjee
Explanation: The West Bengal government renamed Suhrawardy Avenue as Gopal Mukherjee Road. Gopal Mukherjee was a historical figure associated with Kolkata, and the renaming has generated public and political debate over historical legacy.
9. Which State launched an anti-drug campaign called “Drug-Free Assam” while seeking coordinated action with neighbouring States?
A. Meghalaya
B. Manipur
C. Assam
D. Tripura
Answer: C. Assam
Explanation: Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma launched the Drug-Free Assam campaign and called for coordinated action with neighbouring States to dismantle interstate drug trafficking networks.
The Assam government stated that narcotics are mainly trafficked into the State through Myanmar and Bangladesh, making interstate and international coordination crucial for anti-drug operations.
10. Which State requested Kerala to donate a female elephant to the Mookambika Temple?
A. Tamil Nadu
B. Andhra Pradesh
C. Karnataka
D. Telangana
Answer: C. Karnataka
Explanation: Karnataka requested Kerala to donate a female elephant to the Mookambika Temple to support religious traditions and temple rituals, citing cultural and historical ties between the two States.
11. In an ICMR trial, drone transport reduced the cost of transporting tuberculosis (TB) samples from approximately ₹9,451 to about:
A. ₹501
B. ₹250
C. ₹150
D. ₹91
Answer: D. ₹91
Explanation: An ICMR study found that transporting TB sputum samples using drones reduced the average transportation cost from ₹9,451 to ₹91 while significantly shortening the time required for diagnosis in remote areas.
The trial focused on transporting TB sputum samples from remote health centres to diagnostic laboratories using drones, improving both speed and accessibility of testing.
12. Which city introduced passenger-friendly reforms in its public bus system after a Minister’s surprise inspection?
A. Hyderabad
B. Chennai
C. Kochi
D. Bengaluru
Answer: D. Bengaluru
Explanation: Following a surprise inspection by Karnataka Transport Minister Ramalinga Reddy, Bengaluru Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC) introduced reforms, including stricter monitoring of staff conduct and improved passenger services.
13. Under which scheme were three publishers arrested in Jammu and Kashmir for allegedly publishing pro-separatist books?
A. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana
B. National Education Policy
C. Samagra Shiksha Scheme
D. PM SHRI Scheme
Answer: C. Samagra Shiksha Scheme
Explanation: Three publishers were arrested for allegedly printing and distributing pro-separatist books under the Samagra Shiksha Scheme. The case has been registered under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) and the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA).
14. Which State drew its full quota of rice under the Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) from the Centre in only two of the last seven years?
A. Karnataka
B. Andhra Pradesh
C. Kerala
D. Tamil Nadu
Answer: D. Tamil Nadu
Explanation: According to official data, Tamil Nadu utilized its full allocation of rice under the Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) in only two of the last seven years, with lower offtake reported in the remaining years.
Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) is a food security scheme that provides highly subsidised foodgrains to the poorest households identified under the National Food Security Act.
15. Which Indian space mission recently completed successful tests of three major crew module systems?
A. Chandrayaan-4
B. Aditya-L1
C. SPADEX
D. Gaganyaan
Answer: D. Gaganyaan
Explanation: ISRO successfully tested three critical Gaganyaan crew module systems. The tests included the crew module uprighting system after splashdown, separation of the service module, and validation of the parachute deployment sequence, all essential for ensuring astronaut safety.
16. During the latest Gaganyaan tests, the separation of which two modules was successfully demonstrated?
A. Crew Module and Orbiter Module
B. Propulsion Module and Lander Module
C. Crew Module and Service Module
D. Payload Module and Escape Module
Answer: C. Crew Module and Service Module
Explanation: One of the key tests successfully demonstrated the separation of the Crew Module (CM) from the Service Module (SM), an essential step before the crew module begins its safe descent to Earth.
17. Chief Justice of India B.R. Gavai emphasized the need for women-centric infrastructure in judicial buildings. Which facility was highlighted as an essential requirement?
A. Digital libraries only
B. Separate conference halls
C. Childcare (crèche) facilities and other women-friendly amenities
D. Meditation centres
Answer: C. Childcare (crèche) facilities and other women-friendly amenities
Explanation: Chief Justice B.R. Gavai stressed that court complexes should include women-centric infrastructure, such as childcare facilities, nursing rooms and other amenities, to make the judiciary more inclusive.
18. Which region of Jammu and Kashmir was severely affected by flash floods triggered by cloudbursts?
A. Gulmarg
B. Kupwara
C. Sonamarg
D. Pahalgam
Answer: D. Pahalgam
Explanation: Flash floods caused by cloudbursts damaged several houses, roads and public infrastructure in Pahalgam, disrupting normal life and affecting tourism in the region.
19. India and Canada recently concluded the third round of negotiations for which proposed agreement?
A. Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA)
B. Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT)
C. Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA)
D. Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
Answer: C. Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA)
Explanation: India and Canada concluded the third round of negotiations for the proposed Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA), aimed at strengthening bilateral trade and economic cooperation.
20. The Centre’s new scheme to regularise exempted Provident Fund (PF) Trusts has been introduced under which law?
A. Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948
B. Code on Wages, 2019
C. Industrial Relations Code, 2020
D. Code on Social Security, 2020
Answer: D. Code on Social Security, 2020
Explanation: The Central Government introduced a scheme to regularise exempted Provident Fund (PF) Trusts under the Code on Social Security, 2020, enabling eligible trusts to obtain or retain exemption status while ensuring compliance with statutory provisions.
21. What is Ärendil-1, recently approved by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC)?
A. A lunar rover mission
B. A space telescope to study black holes
C. A satellite carrying a giant orbital mirror (space reflector)
D. A reusable space station module
Answer: C. A satellite carrying a giant orbital mirror (space reflector)
Explanation: Ärendil-1 is a proposed satellite that will carry a deployable highly reflective mirror designed to reflect sunlight onto selected areas of Earth during dawn and dusk. The mission has sparked debate over its potential impact on astronomy, wildlife and the night sky.
22. Which country has emerged as India’s largest supplier of crude oil in recent years?
A. Saudi Arabia
B. Iraq
C. United Arab Emirates
D. Russia
Answer: D. Russia
Explanation: Russia has become India’s largest supplier of crude oil following the Ukraine conflict, driven by discounted prices. The editorial notes that while these imports have helped India reduce import costs, dependence on a single supplier also poses strategic and energy security concerns.
23. Which country recently imposed a temporary ban on helium exports?
A. United States
B. Russia
C. Qatar
D. China
Answer: D. China
Explanation: China temporarily banned helium exports amid heightened geopolitical tensions. Helium is a strategic resource with limited global suppliers and is critical for several high-technology and medical applications.
24. Helium is widely used as a coolant in which advanced medical imaging technology?
A. CT Scan
B. PET Scan
C. Ultrasound
D. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Answer: D. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Explanation: Liquid helium is used to cool the superconducting magnets in MRI machines. It is also essential in semiconductor manufacturing, aerospace, scientific research, and quantum computing.
25. Which country is currently the world’s largest producer of helium?
A. China
B. Qatar
C. Algeria
D. United States
Answer: D. United States
Explanation: The United States remains the world’s largest producer of helium, followed by countries such as Qatar, Algeria, Russia, Canada, and China. Global helium production is concentrated in only a few countries.
Helium is a non-renewable noble gas that is extracted mainly from natural gas fields where it accumulates over millions of years through the radioactive decay of uranium and thorium.
26. Which AI model family was recently launched by OpenAI as the successor to GPT-5?
A. Gemini 3
B. Claude 5
C. GPT-5.6
D. Llama 5
Answer: C. GPT-5.6
Explanation: OpenAI recently introduced the GPT-5.6 model family, including variants such as Sol, Terra and Luna, with improved coding, reasoning and agentic capabilities. The models are positioned to compete with Anthropic’s Claude family.
27. OpenAI’s GPT-5.6 is primarily competing with which company’s Claude models?
A. Google
B. Meta
C. Microsoft
D. Anthropic
Answer: D. Anthropic
Explanation: Anthropic is the developer of the Claude family of AI models. GPT-5.6 has been released to compete with Claude in areas such as coding, reasoning and autonomous AI agent performance.
28. In a recent landmark judgment, the Supreme Court fixed the notional monthly income of a homemaker at what amount for calculating compensation under the Motor Vehicles Act?
A. ₹20,000
B. ₹25,000
C. ₹30,000
D. ₹35,000
Answer: C. ₹30,000
Explanation: The Supreme Court held that the notional monthly income of a homemaker should be taken as ₹30,000 for calculating compensation in motor accident cases. The judgment recognizes the economic value of unpaid domestic and caregiving work performed by homemakers.
29. Which port is India’s first dedicated International Container Transshipment Terminal (ICTT)?
A. Jawaharlal Nehru Port
B. Vizhinjam International Seaport
C. Chennai Port
D. Cochin Port (ICTT Vallarpadam)
Answer: D. Cochin Port (ICTT Vallarpadam)
Explanation: ICTT Vallarpadam, operated by Cochin Port in partnership with DP World, is India’s first dedicated International Container Transshipment Terminal. The port is planning infrastructure expansion to improve its competitiveness and handle larger container vessels.
DP World, a Dubai-based global logistics company, operates the ICTT Vallarpadam in partnership with the Cochin Port Authority. It is one of the world’s leading port operators.
30. According to the article, which Indian port is emerging as a major transshipment hub on the west coast?
A. Paradip Port
B. Kandla Port
C. Mormugao Port
D. Vizhinjam International Seaport
Answer: D. Vizhinjam International Seaport
Explanation: Vizhinjam International Seaport in Kerala has emerged as a major transshipment hub due to its natural deep draft and strategic location near international shipping routes, attracting large container vessels.
31. Chinese geologists recently raised concerns about the safety of a proposed dam on which river near the Indian border?
A. Mekong River
B. Salween River
C. Yangtze River
D. Brahmaputra (Yarlung Tsangpo) River
Answer: D. Brahmaputra (Yarlung Tsangpo) River
Explanation: Chinese geologists questioned the safety of a proposed hydropower project on the Yarlung Tsangpo (Brahmaputra), citing the presence of an active fault line. The project is located near the border with Arunachal Pradesh.
32. Syria’s newly elected Parliament held its first session after the fall of which former President?
A. Hafez al-Assad
B. Bashar al-Assad
C. Amin al-Hafiz
D. Shukri al-Quwatli
Answer: B. Bashar al-Assad
Explanation: Syria’s new Parliament convened its first session in the post-Assad era after the fall of Bashar al-Assad’s government. The new legislature is expected to play a key role in the country’s political transition.
33. China’s newly enacted Law on Ethnic Unity primarily aims to promote which language as the common national language?
A. Cantonese
B. Tibetan
C. Mongolian
D. Mandarin
Answer: D. Mandarin
Explanation: China’s new Law on Ethnic Unity seeks to strengthen a shared national identity by promoting Mandarin (Putonghua) and encouraging the “Sinicisation” of religions and ethnic cultures. Critics argue that it could weaken the cultural and linguistic rights of minority communities.
34. Which UN body expressed concern that China’s new ethnic unity law could threaten minority freedoms?
A. UN Security Council (UNSC)
B. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
C. UNESCO
D. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)
Answer: D. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)
Explanation: The OHCHR expressed concern that the law may lead to forced assimilation of ethnic minorities, particularly affecting communities such as the Uyghurs and Tibetans.
35. The policy of “Sinicisation”, frequently associated with China, refers to:
A. Expanding China’s maritime boundaries
B. Promoting Chinese exports through subsidies
C. Adapting ethnic and religious groups to conform with Han Chinese culture and state ideology
D. Granting greater autonomy to ethnic minorities
Answer: C. Adapting ethnic and religious groups to conform with Han Chinese culture and state ideology
Explanation: Sinicisation is the policy of aligning ethnic, cultural and religious practices with Han Chinese culture and the ideology of the Chinese state. It has been widely debated for its impact on minority identities.
36. Bhutan has introduced financial incentives mainly to address which demographic challenge?
A. Rising infant mortality
B. Rapid urbanisation
C. Population ageing due to increased life expectancy
D. Declining birth rate and population decline
Answer: D. Declining birth rate and population decline
Explanation: Bhutan has introduced cash incentives for childbirth to encourage families to have more children. The move is aimed at reversing the country’s declining birth rate, youth migration and long-term population decline.
37. Which ethnic minority groups are among those most affected by concerns over China’s new ethnic unity law?
A. Kurds and Rohingya
B. Tamils and Baloch
C. Uyghurs and Tibetans
D. Kazakhs and Uzbeks
Answer: C. Uyghurs and Tibetans
Explanation: Human rights groups have expressed concern that the law could further restrict the cultural, linguistic and religious freedoms of Uyghurs and Tibetans, who have long been at the centre of debates over China’s minority policies.
38. Which tennis player won his first Wimbledon men’s singles title by defeating Alexander Zverev?
A. Carlos Alcaraz
B. Novak Djokovic
C. Jannik Sinner
D. Daniil Medvedev
Answer: C. Jannik Sinner
Explanation: Jannik Sinner defeated Alexander Zverev to win his first Wimbledon men’s singles title, marking his maiden championship at the All England Club.
39. Yastika Bhatia became the first Indian woman to score a century in which country?
A. Australia
B. South Africa
C. New Zealand
D. England
Answer: D. England
Explanation: Yastika Bhatia became the first Indian woman to score a Test century in England, achieving the milestone during India’s Test match against England.
40. Which MotoGP rider equalled Giacomo Agostini’s record of 10 premier-class victories at the German Grand Prix?
A. Francesco Bagnaia
B. Jorge Martín
C. Fabio Quartararo
D. Marc Márquez
Answer: D. Marc Márquez
Explanation: Marc Márquez won the German MotoGP, equalling Giacomo Agostini’s record of 10 premier-class victories at the same circuit, further strengthening his reputation as one of the sport’s greatest riders.
41. At the Asian Under-20 Athletics Championships, India’s Anand won the gold medal in which event?
A. Shot Put
B. Discus Throw
C. Hammer Throw
D. Javelin Throw
Answer: D. Javelin Throw
Explanation: India’s Anand won the gold medal in the javelin throw at the Asian Under-20 Athletics Championships, setting a personal best of 80.57 metres.
42. Which Indian relay team won the gold medal at the Asian Under-20 Athletics Championships?
A. Men’s 4×100 m relay
B. Women’s 4×100 m relay
C. Men’s 4×400 m relay
D. Women’s 4×400 m relay
Answer: D. Women’s 4×400 m relay
Explanation: The Indian women’s 4×400 m relay team won the gold medal at the Asian Under-20 Athletics Championships, showcasing India’s growing strength in middle-distance relay events.
43. The Kuruvai crop, frequently seen in the news, is primarily cultivated in which Indian State?
A. Karnataka
B. Andhra Pradesh
C. Telangana
D. Tamil Nadu
Answer: D. Tamil Nadu
Explanation: Kuruvai is the short-term paddy crop grown mainly in the Cauvery Delta region of Tamil Nadu. Its cultivation depends heavily on the timely release of Cauvery water from the Mettur Dam.
44. The timely opening of which dam is crucial for the Kuruvai cultivation season in Tamil Nadu?
A. Krishnarajasagar Dam
B. Bhavanisagar Dam
C. Mullaiperiyar Dam
D. Mettur Dam
Answer: D. Mettur Dam
Explanation: The Mettur Dam is the primary source of irrigation for the Cauvery Delta. Delayed opening of the dam due to inadequate water storage adversely affects Kuruvai cultivation.
45. The Cauvery Water Disputes Tribunal is associated with the sharing of water between Tamil Nadu and which other State?
A. Kerala
B. Andhra Pradesh
C. Telangana
D. Karnataka
Answer: D. Karnataka
Explanation: The Cauvery Water Disputes Tribunal (CWDT) was constituted to adjudicate the sharing of Cauvery River water, primarily between Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, along with Kerala and the Union Territory of Puducherry.
The Cauvery River originates at Talakaveri in the Brahmagiri Hills of Karnataka’s Kodagu district. It flows through Karnataka and Tamil Nadu before draining into the Bay of Bengal.
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