National Current Affairs From The Hindu
1. The Karnataka government has said it will protect farmers in the dispute over sharing water from which river?
A. Krishna
B. Cauvery
C. Godavari
D. Tungabhadra
Answer: B. Cauvery
Explanation: Karnataka Chief Minister Siddaramaiah said the State would protect farmers’ interests in the context of the Cauvery water-sharing issue. The Cauvery dispute involves Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, along with Kerala and Puducherry as basin States/Union Territory.
2. The 2027 Census will be the first Indian Census to use which method extensively?
A. Only door-to-door enumeration
B. Self-enumeration through a digital portal
C. Only biometric enumeration
D. Enumeration through Aadhaar databases
Answer: B. Self-enumeration through a digital portal
Explanation: The Census 2027 will introduce self-enumeration, allowing people to provide their details through an online portal before the enumerators visit. The first phase, covering houselisting and housing-related information, is scheduled to begin in April 2026, followed by population enumeration in 2027.
3. Census 2027 will include caste enumeration. Which information will be collected in the second phase?
A. Caste, religion, occupation and other population characteristics
B. Only household income
C. Only Aadhaar and voter ID details
D. Only land ownership details
Answer: A. Caste, religion, occupation and other population characteristics
Explanation: The second phase of Census 2027 will include population enumeration and collect information covering caste, religion, occupation, education and other demographic and socio-economic characteristics. This makes the upcoming Census significant for population and social data.
4. Which Act provides the legal framework for maintaining confidentiality of Census information in India?
A. Census Act, 1948
B. Representation of the People Act, 1951
C. Official Secrets Act, 1923
D. Aadhaar Act, 2016
Answer: A. Census Act, 1948
Explanation: The Census Act, 1948 provides the legal framework for conducting the Census and protects the confidentiality of individual information collected during enumeration. Census authorities have reiterated that personal information cannot be used for purposes other than those permitted under the law.
5. The concept of “One Nation, One Election” primarily refers to which electoral reform?
A. Holding all elections on the same day across the country
B. Simultaneously conducting elections to the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies
C. Holding elections only once every five years
D. Conducting Presidential and Lok Sabha elections together
Answer: B. Simultaneously conducting elections to the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies
Explanation: One Nation, One Election (ONOE) refers to the proposal for synchronising elections to the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies. Supporters argue that simultaneous elections could reduce repeated election expenditure and the disruption caused by frequent election cycles, while critics raise concerns about federalism, accountability and the autonomy of State governments.
6. Which constitutional amendment bills were introduced in Parliament to facilitate the implementation of “One Nation, One Election”?
A. 101st and 102nd Constitutional Amendment Bills
B. 105th and 106th Constitutional Amendment Bills
C. 127th and 128th Constitutional Amendment Bills
D. 129th and 130th Constitutional Amendment Bills
Answer: D. 129th and 130th Constitutional Amendment Bills
Explanation: The Constitution (129th Amendment) Bill, 2024 and the Union Territories Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 were introduced to provide a framework for simultaneous elections to the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies. The proposal has been examined by a Joint Parliamentary Committee.
7. The Union government has introduced which Constitutional Amendment Bill to increase the maximum number of Lok Sabha seats?
A. 129th Constitutional Amendment Bill
B. 130th Constitutional Amendment Bill
C. 131st Constitutional Amendment Bill
D. 132nd Constitutional Amendment Bill
Answer: C. 131st Constitutional Amendment Bill
Explanation: The Union government has introduced the Constitution (131st Amendment) Bill, 2026, proposing to increase the maximum number of Lok Sabha seats from the existing 550 to 850. The proposal is linked to the broader debate over delimitation and equitable political representation among States.
8. The present delimitation of Lok Sabha constituencies is primarily based on which Census?
A. 1951 Census
B. 1961 Census
C. 1971 Census
D. 2011 Census
Answer: C. 1971 Census
Explanation: The existing allocation of Lok Sabha seats among States is based on the 1971 Census. The freezing of the allocation was intended to encourage States to pursue population-control measures without fearing a reduction in their parliamentary representation.
9. Which Constitutional Amendment originally froze the allocation of Lok Sabha seats among States based on population until the year 2000?
A. 42nd Constitutional Amendment
B. 44th Constitutional Amendment
C. 73rd Constitutional Amendment
D. 84th Constitutional Amendment
Answer: A. 42nd Constitutional Amendment
Explanation: The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 froze the allocation of seats in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies based on the 1971 Census until 2000. The freeze was subsequently extended, and the present arrangement continues until after the first Census conducted after 2026.
10. Which Constitutional Amendment extended the freeze on the allocation of Lok Sabha seats among States until the first Census after 2026?
A. 73rd Amendment
B. 84th Amendment
C. 86th Amendment
D. 91st Amendment
Answer: B. 84th Amendment
Explanation: The 84th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2001 extended the freeze on the readjustment of seats in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies based on population until the first Census after 2026. This has made the forthcoming delimitation exercise a major federal issue.
11. Why has the proposed delimitation exercise raised concerns among some southern States?
A. It may abolish State Legislative Assemblies
B. It may reduce the political representation of States that have successfully controlled population growth
C. It may remove reservation for women
D. It may eliminate the Rajya Sabha
Answer: B. It may reduce the political representation of States that have successfully controlled population growth
Explanation: Population-based delimitation could result in greater representation for more populous States and relatively smaller representation for States that have achieved lower population growth. Southern States have therefore raised concerns that successful population-control measures could effectively lead to reduced political weight in Parliament.
Science & Technology Current Affairs
12. Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA) is primarily caused by mutations in which gene?
A. BRCA1
B. CFTR
C. FXN
D. HTT
Answer: C. FXN
Explanation: Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the FXN gene, which provides instructions for producing the protein frataxin. Reduced frataxin affects mitochondrial function and damages the nervous system.
13. The study on Friedreich’s ataxia found that the disease-causing mutation in the FXN gene involves expansion of which DNA sequence?
A. CAG
B. GAA
C. CGG
D. TATA
Answer: B. GAA
Explanation: In most cases of Friedreich’s ataxia, the disease is caused by an expansion of the GAA trinucleotide repeat in the FXN gene. The expanded repeats interfere with normal production of frataxin.
14. According to a January 2026 analysis, AI could potentially reduce healthcare revenue-cycle operating costs by up to what percentage?
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 30% to 60%
D. 70% to 90%
Answer: C. 30% to 60%
Explanation: The analysis cited in the article estimated that applying AI across the healthcare revenue cycle could reduce operating costs by 30% to 60%. AI can automate administrative tasks such as documentation, billing and other repetitive processes.
Environment & Climate Change Current Affairs
15. Groundwater contamination in parts of Uttar Pradesh has been linked to decades of industrial waste dumping involving which toxic substance?
A. Hexavalent chromium
B. Lead sulphate
C. Mercury chloride
D. Arsenic trioxide
Answer: A. Hexavalent chromium
Explanation: Decades of industrial waste dumping have contaminated groundwater with hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] across parts of Uttar Pradesh. The contamination has raised concerns over severe health risks because Cr(VI) is highly toxic and carcinogenic.
16. The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has directed authorities to remove chromium dumps in which district of Uttar Pradesh?
A. Kanpur Nagar
B. Prayagraj
C. Agra
D. Varanasi
Answer: A. Kanpur Nagar
Explanation: The NGT has directed authorities to remove chromium dumps in Kanpur Nagar, where industrial waste has contaminated groundwater. The tribunal has also sought action to address environmental contamination caused by hazardous industrial waste.
17. The Centre has stated that there is no proposal seeking environmental clearance for a green nod for diversion of river water from the Mahadayi. The Mahadayi river is also known as:
A. Mandovi
B. Periyar
C. Sharavathi
D. Netravati
Answer: A. Mandovi
Explanation: The Mahadayi River, also known as the Mandovi, flows through Goa and Karnataka. The sharing and diversion of its waters have been a long-standing inter-State issue, particularly involving Karnataka and Goa.
18. The Mahadayi river-water dispute primarily involves which two States?
A. Karnataka and Goa
B. Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
C. Maharashtra and Goa
D. Kerala and Karnataka
Answer: A. Karnataka and Goa
Explanation: The Mahadayi/Mandovi river water dispute primarily concerns Karnataka and Goa. Karnataka has proposed diversion of Mahadayi waters for projects in its northern districts, while Goa has raised environmental and water-security concerns.
19. The container ship MSC Elsa 3, which sank off the Kerala coast, was carrying which type of cargo?
A. Crude oil and LNG
B. Containers carrying hazardous cargo
C. Nuclear material
D. Coal and iron ore
Answer: B. Containers carrying hazardous cargo
Explanation: MSC Elsa 3, a container ship, sank off the Kerala coast while carrying hazardous cargo. A study reported that the sinking did not result in a significant impact on the Lakshadweep islands, although the incident highlighted the need for stronger preparedness for maritime accidents and environmental risks.
20. A study on the sinking of MSC Elsa 3 examined its potential environmental impact on which group of islands?
A. Andaman and Nicobar Islands
B. Lakshadweep Islands
C. Diu and Daman
D. Sundarbans Islands
Answer: B. Lakshadweep Islands
Explanation: A comprehensive assessment examined whether the MSC Elsa 3 sinking could affect the Lakshadweep islands. The study found no significant impact on the islands, while stressing the importance of preparedness for maritime incidents.
21. The Meghalaya High Court-appointed panel has flagged the absence of a policy to shut down which type of mines in the State?
A. Iron ore mines
B. Limestone mines
C. Rat-hole coal mines
D. Uranium mines
Answer: C. Rat-hole coal mines
Explanation: A panel constituted by the Meghalaya High Court has pointed out the absence of a policy to close rat-hole coal mines. Rat-hole mining involves dangerous, narrow tunnels dug into coal seams and has long been associated with serious safety and environmental concerns in Meghalaya.
22. The committee examining illegal coal mining in Meghalaya was headed by whom?
A. Justice Katakey
B. Justice Deepak Gupta
C. Justice Madan Lokur
D. Justice Kurian Joseph
Answer: A. Justice Katakey
Explanation: The Meghalaya High Court-appointed committee was headed by Justice (Retd.) B.P. Katakey. The panel has examined the issue of illegal coal mining and highlighted the need for measures to close and regulate abandoned and illegally operated mines.
23. Why is rat-hole mining particularly hazardous?
A. It involves deep-sea mining
B. It uses radioactive explosives
C. It involves narrow tunnels that pose serious risks to workers
D. It is conducted only in protected forests
Answer: C. It involves narrow tunnels that pose serious risks to workers
Explanation: Rat-hole mining involves digging small, narrow tunnels into coal seams, often leaving very limited space for workers. The practice has resulted in accidents, flooding and deaths, besides causing significant environmental damage.
24. Hara mangrove forests, highlighted in the newspaper, are located along the coast of which body of water?
A. Red Sea
B. Persian Gulf
C. Bay of Bengal
D. Arabian Sea
Answer: B. Persian Gulf
Explanation: Hara mangrove forests are found along the Persian Gulf, including the Qeshm region of Iran. They are ecologically important coastal ecosystems that provide habitat for marine organisms and help protect shorelines.
25. Which mangrove species is characteristic of the Hara mangrove forests of the Persian Gulf?
A. Avicennia marina
B. Rhizophora apiculata
C. Sonneratia alba
D. Bruguiera gymnorhiza
Answer: A. Avicennia marina
Explanation: The Hara mangrove forests are dominated by Avicennia marina, commonly known as the grey or white mangrove. These mangroves tolerate the saline conditions of the Persian Gulf and play an important role in coastal protection and marine biodiversity.
26. The Hara mangrove forests are recognised as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. What is one major ecological function of these mangroves?
A. Increasing desertification
B. Sequestering significant amounts of carbon
C. Increasing coastal erosion
D. Reducing marine biodiversity
Answer: B. Sequestering significant amounts of carbon
Explanation: Mangrove ecosystems are important carbon sinks. Hara’s mangroves store and sequester significant amounts of carbon while also protecting coastlines from erosion and providing breeding and feeding grounds for numerous marine species.
27. Which animal is endemic to the Indonesian island of Komodo and is the world’s largest living lizard?
A. Gila monster
B. Komodo dragon
C. Green iguana
D. Saltwater crocodile
Answer: B. Komodo dragon
Explanation: The Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) is the world’s largest living lizard and is endemic to several Indonesian islands, particularly Komodo, Rinca, Flores and Gili Motang. It is classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List.
28. A powerful earthquake in Indonesia led to the evacuation of thousands of people. What was the magnitude of the earthquake reported in the newspaper?
A. 5.7
B. 6.2
C. 7.4
D. 8.1
Answer: B. 6.2
Explanation: An earthquake of magnitude 6.2 struck eastern Indonesia, resulting in widespread damage and the evacuation of thousands of people. Indonesia is highly earthquake-prone because it lies along the seismically active Pacific Ring of Fire.
Government Schemes Current Affairs
29. The Uttar Pradesh government plans to train 10,000 people in cow protection by tapping which generation?
A. Millennials
B. Generation X
C. Generation Z
D. Baby Boomers
Answer: C. Generation Z
Explanation: The Uttar Pradesh government plans to train around 10,000 people in cow protection, with a focus on engaging Generation Z (Gen Z). The initiative aims to encourage young people to participate in cow protection and related activities.
Reports & Indices Current Affairs
30. According to the Time Use Survey 2025 data discussed in the article, around what age do girls’ household work begin to rise significantly?
A. Around 5 years
B. Around 8 years
C. Around 10 years
D. Around 15 years
Answer: C. Around 10 years
Explanation: The Time Use Survey 2025 data discussed in the article shows that girls begin spending substantially more time on household and caregiving activities from around 10 years of age. The burden increases through adolescence and reaches a peak among young adult women.
Sports Current Affairs
31. The 2026 BWF World Championships, mentioned in the newspaper, are being hosted in which Indian city?
A. Mumbai
B. Hyderabad
C. New Delhi
D. Bengaluru
Answer: C. New Delhi
Explanation: The BWF World Championships 2026 returned to India after 17 years, with the tournament being held at the Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium in New Delhi from August 17 to 23.
32. Arsenal defeated which club to win the 2026 FA Community Shield?
A. Liverpool
B. Manchester United
C. Manchester City
D. Chelsea
Answer: C. Manchester City
Explanation: Arsenal defeated Manchester City 2-0 in the FA Community Shield. The victory gave Arsenal an early trophy and a strong start to the new English football season.
33. Which Indian driver won the inaugural Super Sport 300-400cc class at the MRF Indian National Racing Championship round mentioned in the newspaper?
A. Kavin Quintal
B. Rakshith Dev
C. Yashwanth Kumar
D. Anish Shetty
Answer: B. Rakshith Dev
Explanation: Rakshith Dev won the inaugural Super Sport 300-400cc class at the MRF Indian National Racing Championship round at Madras International Circuit. The result marked a notable achievement in Indian motorcycle racing.
34. Álvaro Robles, who has been in the world’s top 100 for more than a decade, is associated with which sport?
A. Badminton
B. Table Tennis
C. Tennis
D. Squash
Answer: B. Table Tennis
Explanation: Álvaro Robles is a Spanish international table tennis player. He has represented Spain at the Olympic Games and has remained among the world’s top-ranked players for an extended period.
Books & Authors Current Affairs
35. Which of the following books was authored by historian Sumit Sarkar?
A. Modern India: 1885–1947
B. India Wins Freedom
C. The Discovery of India
D. Poverty and Un-British Rule in India
Answer: A. Modern India: 1885–1947
Explanation: Sumit Sarkar authored Modern India: 1885–1947, a widely studied work on India’s modern history and the national movement. He also wrote extensively on the Swadeshi Movement in Bengal and was associated with the Subaltern Studies school of historical scholarship.
Important Days & Themes Current Affairs
36. Indonesia celebrates its Independence Day on which date?
A. August 15
B. August 17
C. August 20
D. August 26
Answer: B. August 17
Explanation: Indonesia’s Independence Day is celebrated annually on August 17, commemorating the proclamation of Indonesian independence in 1945 by Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta.
Apps, Portals & Digital Initiatives Current Affairs
37. Which Indian digital health platform is mentioned as being linked to AI-based healthcare applications?
A. CoWIN
B. Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission
C. DigiLocker
D. Aarogya Setu
Answer: B. Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission
Explanation: The article refers to the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) as part of India’s digital healthcare ecosystem. AI can potentially use digital health data to support diagnosis, treatment planning and personalised healthcare, while issues of privacy and data protection remain important.
Art & Culture Current Affairs
38. The festival of flowers highlighted in the newspaper was associated with the harvesting of marigold and globe amaranth flowers in which Indian State?
A. Tamil Nadu
B. Kerala
C. Karnataka
D. Andhra Pradesh
Answer: A. Tamil Nadu
Explanation: The report featured the harvesting of marigold and globe amaranth flowers in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, where the flowers are prepared for the local flower markets and festival season.
Obituaries Current Affairs
39. Renowned historian Sumit Sarkar, who passed away recently, is best known for his scholarship on which broad area?
A. Ancient Indian mathematics
B. Modern Indian history and nationalism
C. Medieval Indian architecture
D. Indian economic reforms after 1991
Answer: B. Modern Indian history and nationalism
Explanation: Sumit Sarkar was a prominent historian of modern India, particularly known for his studies of Indian nationalism, the Swadeshi movement and the freedom struggle. His works brought greater attention to the experiences of ordinary people and social groups in India’s history.
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